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How To Write Better Business Letters
Writing business letters is a forgotten art. The Internet has made us lazy writers. With a few keystrokes, we can kick off a short e-mail without thinking much about content, much less formatting. Have you ever reviewed your own e-mails and discovered misspellings, incomplete sentences, formatting mistakes, and grammatical errors? Usually we think nothing about how our lazy writing negatively affects our e-mails; other people e-mail us the same type of junk all the time. But, still, writing lousy e-mails should not give us the excuse to be lazy writers all the time, online or offline.
Writing business letters may be one of the best skills a business person can possess, especially during these times when few people possess it. The following tips will help you to construct better business letters. You can also adapt these principles to write better business e-mails, in terms of both format, style and tone.
COMPONENTS AND FORMATTING
All business letters are comprised of the following elements, in this order:
Date
RecipientÂ’s name and address
Salutation
Opening paragraph
Body
Closing paragraph
Closing
Your name and address
The style of formatting will dictate how these elements are situated on the page. The three most common formatting styles are:
BLOCK: Each part of the letter is left-justified, and the text is single-spaced, except double-spaced paragraph breaks.
MODIFIED BLOCK: The opening, body and closing paragraphs are left-justified and single-spaced, but the date, closing and salutation are center-aligned.
SEMI-BLOCK: Exactly like modified block, except each paragraph is indented, not left-justified.
Regardless of which style you choose, youÂ’ll also need to consider the font; your choice is important, as fancy fonts are sometimes unreadable. The most commonly used and widely accepted font is Times New Roman, size 12. ItÂ’s readable, professional, and universally used for business letters. ItÂ’s not outside the realm of possibility, however, to take liberties here; you can really use any readable font (Arial, Verdana, Helvetica), but always consider what your recipient would like to see.
OPENING PARAGRAPH
Since the principle point of your business letter is to grab and keep the readerÂ’s attention, youÂ’ll need to focus on the opening, the first (and sometimes only) opportunity you have to grab the recipientÂ’s attention. The opening also sets the tone for the entire letter, so it must be as strong and characteristic as possible.
DO get straight to the point. Your recipient doesnÂ’t need a bunch of unnecessary info., especially not right up front. If it doesnÂ’t pertain to or bores them, theyÂ’ll just stop reading.
DON’T start with cliché phrases like “I am writing because...” or “With regards to...”. This simply appears that you don’t know where to start. The real message won’t start until after those phrases, so why not eliminate the unnecessary and uncreative words?
DO use strong, active verbs. This keeps the focus on the reader and makes the letter far more interesting. For instance, instead of writing “this offer is being extended to you for a brief period of time,” try “we’re briefly extending this offer to you.” See how much easier that is?
DONÂ’T get longwinded. Keep the opening short and to-the-point, use the best words possible, and never make the reader work for the point of the letter.
BODY
This is the meat of the letter, where youÂ’ll fully explain the ideas introduced in the opening. ItÂ’s easy to lose momentum here, but this part must be every bit as strong as the opening.
DO write like talk. This doesnÂ’t mean using informal slang or profanity, but why lapse into business speak when itÂ’s trite and boring? Chances are, you arenÂ’t a 19th century British gentleman, so donÂ’t write like one! Use a conversation, yet respectful, tone and try to phrase things similarly to how youÂ’d actually say them.
DONÂ’T lose the point. Save the digressions for a face-to-face chat. YouÂ’ve got a short time to hold the readerÂ’s interest here and off-point sentences will simply give your reader time to yawn and put the letter down. List the points you need to make prior to writing, and stick to them.
DO keep related information together. DonÂ’t move on to another point until youÂ’ve finished the last, and resist the urge to scatter topics haphazardly. Anything less and youÂ’ll appear to be rambling with no sense of focus.
DONÂ’T get pedantic. Sure, itÂ’s nice to show off our vocabularies, but that big word has little point if a smaller word would be more effective and readable. Put the thesaurus away and use familiar language.
CLOSING PARAGRAPH
This paragraph is the last string of sentences your reader will see, so it needs to be as strong as the rest of the letter.
DO keep it short. The closing paragraph can be the briefest part of the letter as youÂ’re simply restating, in simple language, what youÂ’ve already written. Restate your point and sign off.
DONÂ’T fizzle out. ItÂ’s tempting to let the closing paragraph sort of die quickly or be an exact replica of other sentences simply because youÂ’ve already worked so hard on the rest. Resist that urge -- keep the ending strong, and hold your conversational tone.
DO be clear about your intentions. If youÂ’re looking for an email response or a business meeting, make that clear. The point of your letter will be lost if the reader has little idea what you want from them or how to proceed from here.
DON’T get trite. Avoid typical cliché endings like “Thank you in advance...” or “Please do not hesitate to call...”; this ends the business letter on a weak note. Be as direct and creative as possible without falling prey to typical business language.
BONUS : How To Write Better Instruction Manuals
If you know how to do something -- and can do it well, almost without thinking -- it makes sense that youÂ’d want to share this information. What better way to do it than with an instruction manual. Writing an instruction manual may seem complicated and overwhelming, but it is easier than you think. The following tips will instruct you what to do and how to do it.
OUTLINE YOUR TOPIC
Before you can teach someone how to do something successfully, you need to conceptualize which aspects of the project they need to know. If your topic is complicated, such as how to play the piano, list each chapter and outline the points you need to make. If itÂ’s simpler, such as the task of changing a tire, briefly jot down all the steps that come to mind. DonÂ’t worry about the details or if you list the steps out of order; we will fix these things later.
START WITH THE SUPPLIES
The most logical way to start an instruction manual is to list the supplies the reader will need for the project. Be as exhaustive with this as possible; your students will thank you. If any of the supplies are expensive or difficult to find, list alternatives or stores that carry the item.
MOVE STEP BY STEP
Instead of explaining the task in long paragraphs, break your instruction manual into specific, detailed steps. Give as much direction as possible; if one step requires slightly different tasks, create sub-steps. Think of these as an outline; number or letter the steps accordingly (and logically).
DO THE PROJECT
If your instruction manual details a tangible project, then complete it using only your written guide. DonÂ’t improvise and donÂ’t go on your prior knowledge. If itÂ’s difficult for you to do this (subjectivity is sometimes next to impossible to ignore), ask a friend to use your manual to complete the project. Look carefully at the finished product; did it turn out as youÂ’d envisioned? Did you miss something important? Continue to revise and describe until your written words encompass every step in the most detailed and effective way possible.
KEEP IT SIMPLE
Writing an instruction manual is different from writing literary fiction; creative wordiness isnÂ’t important here -- itÂ’s clarity youÂ’re after. Use short sentences and simple words. Make sure your manual is clear and readable; if the reader canÂ’t understand what youÂ’re saying, they wonÂ’t be able to complete your project.
If you know how to do something -- and can do it well, almost without thinking -- it makes sense that youÂ’d want to share this information. What better way to do it than with an instruction manual. Writing an instruction manual may seem complicated and overwhelming, but it is easier than you think. The following tips will instruct you what to do and how to do it.
OUTLINE YOUR TOPIC
Before you can teach someone how to do something successfully, you need to conceptualize which aspects of the project they need to know. If your topic is complicated, such as how to play the piano, list each chapter and outline the points you need to make. If itÂ’s simpler, such as the task of changing a tire, briefly jot down all the steps that come to mind. DonÂ’t worry about the details or if you list the steps out of order; we will fix these things later.
START WITH THE SUPPLIES
The most logical way to start an instruction manual is to list the supplies the reader will need for the project. Be as exhaustive with this as possible; your students will thank you. If any of the supplies are expensive or difficult to find, list alternatives or stores that carry the item.
MOVE STEP BY STEP
Instead of explaining the task in long paragraphs, break your instruction manual into specific, detailed steps. Give as much direction as possible; if one step requires slightly different tasks, create sub-steps. Think of these as an outline; number or letter the steps accordingly (and logically).
DO THE PROJECT
If your instruction manual details a tangible project, then complete it using only your written guide. DonÂ’t improvise and donÂ’t go on your prior knowledge. If itÂ’s difficult for you to do this (subjectivity is sometimes next to impossible to ignore), ask a friend to use your manual to complete the project. Look carefully at the finished product; did it turn out as youÂ’d envisioned? Did you miss something important? Continue to revise and describe until your written words encompass every step in the most detailed and effective way possible.
KEEP IT SIMPLE
Writing an instruction manual is different from writing literary fiction; creative wordiness isnÂ’t important here -- itÂ’s clarity youÂ’re after. Use short sentences and simple words. Make sure your manual is clear and readable; if the reader canÂ’t understand what youÂ’re saying, they wonÂ’t be able to complete your project.
